Door for metallurgical furnaces and ovens.



0. N. HOOPER, DOOR FOR METALLURGICAL FURNACES AND OVENS.

Patented Feb.7, 1911.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

APPLICATION FILED APR.22, 1908.

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0. 11. 110011111. DOOR FOR METALLURGIGAL FURNAGES AND OVENS.

APPLICATION FILED APR.22,1908. 983,494. Patented Feb. 7, 1911.

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CHARLES NELSON HOOPER, OF DUBUQUE, IOWA.

DOOR FOR METALLURGICAL FURNACES AND OVENS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed April 22, 1908.

Patented Feb. '7, 1911.

Serial No. 428,516.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES N. HooPER, citizen of the United States, residing at Dubuque, in the county of Dubuque and State of Iowa, have invented certain new and use ful Improvements in Doors for Metallurgical Furnaces and Ovens, of which the fol lowing is a specification, reference being had I therein to the accompanying drawing.

This invention relates to improvements in furnace doors particularly adapted for furnaces employed in the vitreous enameling industry but applicable for use generally with furnaces employed for various purposes and especially where high temperatures are encountered.

It it customary to provide the doors of high temperature furnaces with a protective lining of fire-brick and the ordinary arrangement has been to fill a metal frame or shell with a wall of the fire-brick. This construction is very unsatisfactory in use as in a very short time, owing to the expansive action of the intense heat coupled with the jarring of the doors incidental to their operation, the bricks soon become loosened and tumble out of the frame. The period of usefulness of this type of door before requiring repairs is extremely short as used in the enameling industry, in which class of work they are subjected to exceptionally severe tests, and the necessary constant repairing of the doors is a source of much delay and expense.

The invention aims to provide a simple, cheap and convenient way of effectively securing the lining to the frame or shell of the door whereby the lining is capable of withstanding the destructive forces to a great extent and remains intact for a long time.

The invention apprehends the use of separate anchors or bonding members and a frame or shell constructed so that the anchors are adapted to have an adjustable or loose engagement with the frame and may be conveniently applied as the bricks are laid in the frame during the construction of the protective wall so that each unit of the wall is securely fastened in place and the lining or whole mass of brick may move to compensate for contraction and expansion without destroying the anchorage of any of the brick. This construction and arrange ment as well as other novel features and ad vantages of the invention will be apparent from the hereinafter contained detail de scription, when read in connection with the accompanying drawings forming part hereof and illustrating one embodiment of the invention.

In the drawings: Figure 1 is a front elevation. Fig. 2 is a rear elevation. Fig. 3 is a vertical transverse section of the frame or shell without the lining. Fig. 4 is a similar view with the lining secured in the frame. Fig. 5 is a detail view of one of the blocks or tiles. Fig. 6 is a detail view of a slightly different character of block. 'Fig. 7 is a detail view on an enlarged scale of one of the metal anchors or bonding members. Fig. 8 is a view showing the construction in transverse section.

The frame or shell of the door is provided with slideways or pockets for the reception of the metal anchors which are inserted in place as the blocks or tiles of heat resisting material preferably fire clay or the like are laid with fire-clay in the frame in the process of building the lining, one portion or flange of the frame being removable to facilitate the application of the anchors and blocks. In the present instance the door frame is shown as made up of wrought iron shapes and comprising a front plate 1 side flanges 2 and top and bottom flanges 3, 4: the top flange being removably secured in place by bolts 5 and the side and base flanges being connected by angle brackets 6. To the side flanges are secured strips 7 forming between the same and the rear surface of the front plate vertical slideways or pockets into which are adapted to be slipped metal anchors or bonding members 8 to extend transversely of the door frame and to have free play in a vertical direction. The anchors are shown in the form of T bars but any suitable form found expedient may be employed. The blocks or tiles are provided with recesses extending longitudinally thereof along their top and bottom faces and of a shape corresponding to that of the anchors. In constructing the lining as each layer of block is laid in the frame an anchor is slipped in the pockets, so that in the completed wall there is an anchor between each horizontal series of block, the flanges of the anchors engaging the adjacent recesses in the directly superposed and underlying series. L shaped anchors 9 are employed at the top and bottom of the frame to engage the recesses in the ends of the top and bottom series of blocks. The blocks are thus anchored one to another and each individual block is securely anchored at top and bottom to the sides of the door frame, the anchorage being such that the whole mass of blocks may expand and move without destroying the anchorage of any of the blocks. It is also to be noted that this simple 'arrangement makes it possible for doors to be expeditiously set up or lined by unskilled labor.

While good results have been obtained with the use of the solid type of block illustrated in Fig. 6 of the drawings I have found it especially desirable and advantageous to employ hollow blocks of the type shown in Fig. 5 of the drawings provided with chambers 10 so that dead airspaces are provided between the anchorage and the fire, which tend to keep the anchorage cool.

As will be appreciated I do not desire to be limited to the precise construction and arrangement of parts illustrated in the drawings, as manifestly the special embodiment shown may be changed or modified without departing from the nature or principle of the invention.

While I have explained my invention as applied to furnace doors, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that the same may be practiced with facility with various other structures.

The strips 7 may terminate a short dis tance from the top of the door to permit of the insertion of anchors when the top of the door is in place.

What I claim is:

1. A furnace door comprising a frame and a lining secured thereto, said lining being provided with an air chamber extending through the interior thereof.

2. A furnace door comprising a frame and a lining secured thereto, said lining being provided with a plurality of air chambers extending through the interior thereof.

3. In a furnace door, a frame, a lining, and means for securing the lining to the frame, said lining being provided with an air space extending between the rear face of the lining and said securing means.

4. In a furnace door, a frame, a lining, and metal anchors for securing the lining to the frame, said lining being provided with a dead air space extending entirely in the rear of the metal anchors.

5. In a furnace door, a frame, and a lining secured thereto, said lining being provided with a sealed chamber extending through the same.

6. A furnace door provided with a lining built up of blocks provided with chambers extending therethrough.

7. A furnace door provided with a lining built up of blocks provided with chambers extending therethrough, said blocks being arranged to provide a plurality of air channels each air channel extending continuously through a series of blocks.

8. A furnace door comprising a frame provided with pockets and having a removable portion closing the frame at one end thereof, a sectional lining and anchors to be inserted in the pockets to secure the lining to the frame.

9. A furnace door provided with a lining built up with blocks having chambers extending therethrough, said blocks being arranged to provide a plurality of continuous air channels extending vertically of the door.

10. A furnace door comprising a frame provided with vertical ways extending along the sides thereof, a lining and anchors to secure the lining to the frame adapted to be placed in the ways to extend transversely of theframe and to have free play in a vertical direction.

11. A furnace door comprising a frame provided with vertical ways extending along the sides thereof and having a removable top portion closing the frame at one end thereof, a lining and anchors to secure the lining to the frame adapted to be placed in the ways to extend transversely of the ways and to have free play in a vertical direction.

12. A furnace door comprising a frame, a lining, means for securing the lining to the frame, said lining being built of blocks, each block having a chamber extending therethrough and each block being provided with recesses to one side of said chamber to be engaged by the securing means.

13. In a furnace door, a frame COl'l'lPl'lSlllg a front plate, having side and end flanges, vertically extending strips secured to the side flanges to provide slide ways between said strips and the rear face of the front plate of the frame, a lining comprising blocks laid in horizontal series to form a vertical wall, each of said blocks being provided with a recess at the top and bottom thereof, and anchoring bars extending transversely of the frame and engaging the slide ways, said anchoring bars being arranged between the horizontal series of blocks to engage the recesses of immediately superposed and underlying series of blocks.

141:. In a furnace door, a frame comprising a front plate, having side and. end flanges, vertically extending strips secured to the side flanges to provide slide ways between said strips and the rear face of the front plate of the frame, a lining comprising blocks laid in horizontal series to form a vertical wall, each of said blocks being provided with a recess at the top and bottom thereof, and anchoring bars extending transversely of the frame and engaging the slide ways, said anchoring bars being arranged between the horizontal series of blocks to engage the recesses of immediately superposed and underlying series of blocks, one of the flanges of the frame being detachably connected thereto to facilitate the application of the lining and anchoring members.

15. In a furnace door, a frame, a lining comprising blocks laid in horizontal series to form a vertical wall, each of the blocks being provided with a recess at the top and bottom thereof and anchoring bars slidaloly engaging the frame at the sides thereof arranged between the horizontal series of the blocks to engage the recesses at the ends of immediately superposed and underlying series of the blocks.

16. In a furnace door, a frame provided with vertical slideways in opposite sides thereof, a lining comprising blocks laid in horizontal series to form a vertical wall, each of the blocks being provided with a horizontal recess extending along the top and bottom thereof and anchoring T bars slidably mounted in the slideways arranged between the horizontal series of blocks to engage the recesses in the ends of the immediately superposed and underlying series of blocks.

17. In a furnace door, a frame provided with vertical slideways in opposite sides thereof, a lining comprising blocks laid in horizontal series to form a vertical wall, each of the blocks being provided with a horizontal recess extending along the top and bottom thereof and anchoring T bars slidably mounted in the slideways arranged between the horizontal series of blocks to engage the recesses in the ends of the immediately superimposed and underlying series of blocks, and L-shaped anchoring bars mounted in the slideways to engage the recesses in the outer ends of the upper and lower series of blocks.

18. In a furnace door, a frame, a lining comprising blocks laid in horizontal series to form a vertical wall, each of the blocks being provided with a recess at the top and bottom thereof and anchoring bars slidably engaging the frame at the sides thereof arranged between the horizontal series of blocks to engage the recesses at the ends of immediately superposed and underlying series of blocks, said frame having a removable top portion to facilitate the application oft-he lining and anchoring.

19. A furnace door comprising a frame, a lining and a plurality of anchors to secure the lining to the frame, and means for securing the anchors to the frame to permit all of the anchors including the outermost as Well as the intermediate anchors to have movement relative to the frame.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of witnesses.

CHARLES NELSON HOOPER.

Witnesses:

R. E. WILKINSON, M. H. MILLER, G. G. Hoornn. 

